How to obtain a passport

What is a Passport?

A passport is an official document issued by a government, certifying the holder's identity and citizenship and entitling them to travel under its protection to and from foreign countries. For many international travelers, a passport is an indispensable travel document.

Who Needs a Passport?

U.S. citizens traveling internationally by air are required to present a valid U.S. passport. This includes travel to Canada, Mexico, the Caribbean, and Bermuda. For land and sea travel to these destinations, a U.S. passport card may be sufficient, but a passport book is always acceptable. Children under 16 also need their own passports.

Where to Apply for a U.S. Passport

The primary authority for issuing U.S. passports is the U.S. Department of State. You can apply for a passport in two main ways:

• By Mail: If you meet certain criteria (e.g., you have a previous undamaged passport issued within the last 15 years, you were at least 16 when it was issued), you may be eligible to renew your passport by mail.
• In Person: For first-time applicants, individuals under 16, or those who don't meet the criteria for mail renewal, an in-person application at a passport acceptance facility is required. These facilities are often post offices, libraries, or local government offices that have been authorized by the Department of State.

Required Documents for a U.S. Passport

The specific documents needed can vary slightly depending on your situation, but generally include:

• Proof of U.S. Citizenship: This can be an original or certified copy of your U.S. birth certificate, a previous U.S. passport, a Consular Report of Birth Abroad, a Certificate of Citizenship, or a Naturalization Certificate. Photocopies are generally not accepted.
• Proof of Identity: A valid government-issued photo ID, such as a driver's license, state ID card, military ID, or previous passport. You will need to present the original and provide a photocopy (front and back) on plain white paper.
• Passport Photo: You must provide one recent (taken within the last 6 months), color photograph that meets specific requirements (2x2 inches, white background, neutral expression, no glasses unless medically necessary). Many acceptance facilities offer photo services.
• Completed Application Form: You'll need to complete the appropriate application form (DS-11 for first-time applicants or those not eligible for renewal by mail; DS-82 for renewal by mail). These forms can be downloaded from the Department of State's website and filled out, but should not be signed until you are instructed to do so by an acceptance agent.

Fees Associated with Passports

Passport fees are set by the Department of State and are subject to change. There are typically two main fees:

• Application Fee: This fee is paid to the Department of State.
• Execution Fee: This fee is paid to the acceptance facility when applying in person.

The cost varies depending on whether you are applying for a passport book, a passport card, or both. Expedited service also incurs an additional fee.

Processing Times

Processing times for passport applications can fluctuate based on demand. The Department of State provides estimated processing times on its website. Routine service can take several weeks, while expedited service, which costs extra, can significantly reduce the waiting period, often to a matter of days or a couple of weeks.

Special Considerations

Minors: Children under 16 require special procedures, including consent from both parents or guardians. If one parent cannot be present, they must provide a signed, notarized statement of consent. For children aged 16-17, they generally apply themselves but should be aware of parental consent implications.

Lost or Stolen Passports: If your passport is lost or stolen, you must report it immediately to the Department of State and apply for a replacement using the same process as a first-time applicant (form DS-11).

Renewing a Passport: If you meet the criteria for renewal by mail (form DS-82), the process is simpler and generally faster than a new application.