What is eori

Last updated: April 1, 2026

Quick Answer: EORI stands for Economic Operators Registration and Identification, an EU system that assigns unique identifiers to businesses involved in importing, exporting, or trading goods across EU borders. It is required for all customs procedures in European Union member states.

Key Facts

Overview

The Economic Operators Registration and Identification (EORI) system is a mandatory EU customs registration system that provides a unique identifier for all individuals and organizations involved in international trade. Introduced in 2009, it streamlines customs procedures and helps maintain a single EU customs database.

How EORI Works

When importing or exporting goods, traders must provide their EORI number to customs authorities. The number serves as an electronic identification that tracks all customs transactions. The EORI format varies by country but always begins with the two-letter ISO country code followed by additional digits.

Who Needs an EORI Number

Registration Process

Businesses register for an EORI number with the customs authority in their member state. The registration typically requires business identification documents, tax registration details, and information about trading activities. Once approved, the EORI number is issued and entered into the EU's customs systems.

Benefits of EORI

The EORI system facilitates faster customs clearance, reduces paperwork duplication, and creates a unified approach to customs procedures across the EU. It enables traders to conduct business more efficiently while helping customs authorities maintain regulatory compliance and security standards.

Related Questions

Is EORI the same as VAT number?

No, EORI and VAT numbers are different. VAT numbers are used for Value Added Tax purposes, while EORI numbers are specifically for customs and import/export procedures. However, you may need both for certain trading activities.

Can I trade within the EU without an EORI number?

If you're trading goods within the EU, you technically need an EORI number for customs purposes, though some intra-EU transactions may not require explicit customs declarations. However, you must be registered with customs authorities.

How long does it take to get an EORI number?

Processing times vary by member state, but typically registration takes 1-5 business days. Some countries offer faster online registration, while others may require longer verification periods.

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Sources

  1. European Commission - Customs Procedures CC0-1.0
  2. Wikipedia - EORI CC-BY-SA-4.0